Open Access
Table 9.
Direct water consumption of the nuclear power plants per kWh.
| Reactor type | Number of reactors | Production share | Water withdrawal | Water release | Water consumption – fleet average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (%) | (L/kWh) | (%) | (L/kWh) | ||
| Once-through cooling system, ocean | 18 | 28% | 182 | 100% | 1.3 |
| Once-through cooling system, river | 12 | 20% | 169 | 99.8% | |
| Cooling tower system, river | 28 | 52% | 10 | 77% |
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