Open Access
Table 1.
Some properties of common hydrotropes.
| Hydrotrope | Solubility in water g/L | Molar mass (g/mol) | Density at 25 °C (g/cm3) | Refractive index (25 °C) | Melting temperature (Tf) (°C) | Boiling temperature (°C) | Flash point (°C) | Saturating vapor pressure at 20 °C (mbar) | CAS registry number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol | Miscible | 46.0684 | 0.790–0.793 | 1.3594 | −114.4 | 79 | 12 | 59 | 64-17-5 |
| Aceton | Miscible | 58.08 | 0.791 | 1.359 | −94.6 | 56.05 | −18 | 228 | 67-64-1 |
| TBA | Miscible | 74.1216 | 0.81 | 1.399 | 23–26 | 83 | 11 | 36 | 75-65-0 |
| Isopropanol | Miscible | 60.09 | 0.785 | 1.37723 | −88.9 | 82.5 | 11.85 | 4.4 kPa | 67-63-0 |
| Isobutanol | 87 | 74.1216 | 0.801 | 1.396 | −108 | 108 | 28 | 40 | 78-83-1 |
| Sec-butanol (butan-2-ol) | 125 | 74.1216 | 0.8 | 1.3953 | −115 | 100 | 24 | 1.7 kPa | 78-92-2 |
| Propylene glycol propyl ether (PnP): C3PO1 | Miscible | 118.17 118.17 | 0.885 0.885 | 1.411 | −80 °C | 140–160 140–160 140–160 | 48 | 1569-01-3 | |
| Urea | 1080 | 60.055 | 0.750 | 132.7 | 57-13-6 | ||||
| di(propylene glycol) propyl ether (DPnP): C3PO2 | 19.6 (wt%) | 176.25 | 0.92 | 1.424 | 88 | 29911-27-1 | |||
| tri(propylene glycol) propyl ether C3PO3 | 14.4 | 234.33 | 0.935 | 1.43 | 113 | 96077-04-2 |
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