Open Access
Table 3
Comparisons of energy storage devices.
| Item | Super capacitor | Lead-acid battery | Lithium-ion battery | Flywheel |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy density | High | Standard | High | – |
| Design life | 15 years | 10 years | 20 years | Long with maintenance |
| Autonomy | 1 s | 30 s ∼ 15 min | 30 s ∼ 15 min | 10 ∼ 15 s |
| Ambient temperature | 25 °C | 25 °C | 40 °C | – |
| Etc. | High discharge | – | – | Very high cycle life |
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